Definition: melanistic forms refers to the brown pigmentation (melanin) found in feathers, skin and hair in fauna.

       Mobbing behavior is an antipredatory behavior which occurs when individuals of a certain species mobs and/or harasses a potential predator by cooperatively attacking or harassing it.  Game theory attempts to mathematically capture behavior in strategic situations, in which an individual's success in making choices depends on the choices of others (Wikipedia).  Suggested readings: Fitness and mating behavior-John Alcock “Animal Behavior” published by Sinauer Associates Inc.

        Recommended readings on: bird songs and territoriality-Frank Gill “Ornithology” published by W.H. Freeman and Co.; Fitness and mating behavior-John Alcock “Animal Behavior” published by Sinauer Associates Inc.; Bird behavior-P.R. Ehrlich et al. “The Birder’s Handbook published by Simon and Schuster, D.A. Sibley “The Sibley Guide to Bird Life and Behavior” published by A.A. Knopf and; D.W. Stokes “A Guide to Bird Behavior” Vol. 1-3 published by Little Brown and Co.